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Pear's background was in basic operant research, having been trained by an up-and-coming experimental psychologist, Reed Lawson, who died before his full potential could be realized. During that same year, the U of M's Psychology Department hired Joseph Pear, a graduate of the Ohio State University, as an assistant professor to teach a graduate research methods and statistics course. Although the originators of the course intended it to be a traditional undergraduate psychology research methods course, one of the textbooks that Martin assigned was Skinner's (1953) Science and Human Behavior, with students required to use operant procedures to teach laboratory rats to lever press in homemade operant chambers. Martin, who was trained in behavior analysis by such prominent behaviorists as Jack Michael and Lee Myerson, was hired to teach sections of an undergraduate course titled Behavior Analysis. Paul's College was an undergraduate college located on the U of M campus with an affiliation with the U of M but with an independent hiring policy. In 1966, after his doctoral work at Arizona State University (ASU then known as “Fort Skinner in the Desert” due to the number of high-profile behavior analysts in the Psychology Department there) Garry Martin, a native of Neepawa, Manitoba, returned to his home province as a newly hired assistant professor at St. The development of behavior analysis in Manitoba is described in three main phases: Phase 1, its beginnings in the 1960s and early 1970s Phase 2, a period of considerable growth in behavior analysis during the 1970s and 1980s and Phase 3, the consolidation of behavior analysis during approximately the past 20 years. Fourth, we hope that our analysis of the environmental determinants of Manitoba's behavior-analytic productivity will highlight some possible conditions for replicating such productivity and inspire others to analyze and publish their own regional histories from an environmental perspective. Third, we identify factors that have facilitated the development and maintenance of behavior analysis in Manitoba. Second, for a province that is small in population and relatively isolated from other behavior-analytic communities (located in the center of Canada), the international influence of Manitoba behavior analysis has been impressive. First, this article discusses the lineage of many well-known North American and Brazilian behavior analysts. We present this history to readers of The Behavior Analyst for four reasons. In this article, we trace the history of behavior analysis in Manitoba from its beginning in 1966 to the present. Approximately half of the population lives in the capital city of Winnipeg, where the major university of the province, the University of Manitoba (U of M), is located. The Canadian province of Manitoba is geographically quite large (552,330 square kilometers about the size of France), but is small in population (just under 1.3 million). Moreover, University of Manitoba graduates in behavior analysis have helped to spread knowledge of behavior analysis throughout the world, and a number have achieved highly influential positions and widespread recognition within the discipline. Behavior-analytic books by authors who live and work in Manitoba have been translated into eight languages. Since that time, behavior analysis in Manitoba has flourished, and the knowledge and skills gained have been shared with other behavior analysts throughout the world through conferences, articles, and books.
They and their students then initiated behavioral treatment and research programs at the Manitoba Developmental Center and St.Amant, the two main residential facilities for persons with intellectual disabilities and autism. In the latter half of the 1960s, Garry Martin and Joseph Pear began teaching behavior-analytic courses at the University of Manitoba.
This article examines the convergence of factors that led to behavior analysis taking root, flourishing, and bearing fruit in a prairie province of Canada.